The Kingdom remains the leading defense spender in the region, with a 2023 budget of $69.1 billion. Under the Vision 2030 initiative, Saudi Arabia is aggressively localizing its defense industry through Saudi Arabian Military Industries (SAMI), which now handles the local maintenance and repair of helicopter engines and advanced targeting pods.
ROYAL SAUDI AIR FORCE (RSAF) • Al-Quwwāt al-Jawwiyyah al-Malakiyyah as-Suʿūdiyyah
Air Force ε20,000 personnel. Strategy: Projecting regional power through a massive fleet of 4.5-generation fighters while transitioning toward indigenous logistics and maintenance self-sufficiency.
Forces by Role & Equipment by Type
• AIRCRAFT 449 combat capable.
Fighter with 4 active squadrons:
- 68 F-15C/D Eagle.
- (Note: Total active F-15 fleet across all variants is 211 airframes).
Fighter / Ground Attack with 6 active squadrons:
- 83 F-15SA Eagle.
- 71 Eurofighter Typhoon.
- 66 F-15S Eagle (Currently being upgraded to the SA configuration).
Ground Attack / Strike with 3 active squadrons:
- 81 Panavia Tornado IDS.
- (Note: Riyadh is evaluating the Rafale and additional Typhoons as potential replacements for this fleet).
Special Mission (AEW&C / SIGINT / Recce):
- 12 Tornado GR1A (Recce).
- 8 Beechcraft King Air 350 (Recce) (4 additional on order).
- 5 Boeing E-3A Sentry (AEW&C).
- 2 Saab 2000 Erieye (AEW&C).
- 1 Boeing RE-3A (SIGINT).
- 1 Boeing RE-3B (SIGINT).
Tanker:
- 7 Boeing KE-3A.
- 7 Lockheed Martin KC-130H Hercules.
- 6 Airbus A330 MRTT (4 additional on order).
- 2 Lockheed Martin KC-130J Hercules.
Transport:
- 33 Lockheed Martin C-130H Hercules.
- 9 Beechcraft King Air 350.
- 4 Cessna Citation Bravo.
- 2 Gulfstream IV.
- 1 Jetstream 31.
- (On Order: 20 Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules).
Training (Fixed-wing):
- 81 BAE Systems Hawk Mk 65/165.
- 55 Pilatus PC-21.
- 25 Cirrus SR22.
- 21 Boeing F-15D Eagle (Combat capable).
- 20 PAC MFI-395 Super Mushshak.
- 20 Pilatus PC-9.
• HELICOPTER 2 active combat capable (RSAF specific).
Transport & Search and Rescue (SAR) with 4 active squadrons:
- 36 Bell 212/412 Twin Huey.
- 15 Airbus H215M/AS332/532 Cougar (2 additional on order).
- 2 Sikorsky S-70/UH-60L Black Hawk.
• UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS (UAS)
Combat & ISR (Heavy / Medium) with 2 active squadrons:
AIR-LAUNCHED WEAPONS
- Air-to-Air (AAM): AIM-9P/L/X Sidewinder; AIM-7 Sparrow; AIM-120C AMRAAM; IRIS-T.
- Air-to-Surface (ASM): AGM-65 Maverick; Storm Shadow (Black Shaheen); Brimstone; AGM-114R Hellfire II.
- Anti-Ship (AShM): AGM-84L Harpoon Block II.
- Precision Bombs: GBU-10/12 Paveway II; Paveway IV; GBU-54 Laser JDAM; FT-9.
Note: By 2026, the RSAF continues to maintain one of the world's most modern combat fleets, utilizing its experience from operations over Yemen and Syria to refine its air-ground coordination. The force is currently seeing the initial benefits of the EDGE Group (UAE-based) and domestic SAMI initiatives in the regional supply chain for smart munitions and uncrewed systems.
4/5 Generation Fighters 
